Longitude — Meridian

The challenge was solved by a self-taught English clockmaker named . He realized that to find longitude, a sailor needed to know two things simultaneously: The local solar time (determined by looking at the sun). The exact time back at the reference meridian (Greenwich).

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Before Harrison, astronomers attempted to determine longitude using celestial events: The challenge was solved by a self-taught English

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A is an imaginary North-South line that runs from the North Pole to the South Pole. Unlike lines of latitude (parallels), which get smaller as they move toward the poles, every meridian is exactly the same length—half of a great circle.

In simpler terms, meridians are the vertical lines you see on maps. They are spaced at angular intervals, measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds, east or west of a reference line known as the . Every point on Earth lies on exactly one meridian longitude line, which tells you how far east or west that location is from the reference point.